Kimwe nibindi bintu byose biri mu isanzure ryacu, firigo zigomba kubahiriza amategeko shingiro ya fiziki yitwa kubungabunga ingufu.Ikigaragara ni uko udashobora kurema imbaraga mubusa cyangwa ngo imbaraga zishire mumyuka yoroheje: ushobora gusa guhindura imbaraga mubundi buryo.Ibi bifite akamaro kanini kubakoresha frigo.
Ubwa mbere, birasobanura imigani ivuga ko ushobora gukonjesha igikoni cyawe usize umuryango wa firigo.Ntabwo ari ukuri!Nkuko tumaze kubibona, firigo ikora "gukuramo" ubushyuhe buturutse muri kabili ya chiller hamwe namazi akonje, hanyuma ikavoma amazi hanze yinama y'abaminisitiri, aho irekura ubushyuhe bwayo.Niba rero ukuyeho ubushyuhe runaka imbere muri frigo yawe, mubitekerezo, mubyukuri umubare wongeye kugaragara nkubushyuhe inyuma (mubikorwa, ubona ubushyuhe buke buke butangwa kuko moteri idakora neza kandi nayo iratanga ubushyuhe).Kureka umuryango ufunguye kandi urimo kwimura ingufu zubushyuhe kuva igice cyigikoni cyawe ujya mubindi.
Amategeko yo kubungabunga ingufu asobanura kandi impamvu bifata igihe kinini kugirango ukonje cyangwa uhagarike ibiryo muri firigo cyangwa firigo.Ibiryo birimo amazi menshi, bikozwe muri molekile zoroheje cyane (hydrogène na ogisijeni ni bibiri bya atome yoroshye).Ndetse n'amazi make ashingiye kumazi (cyangwa ibiryo) arimo abininiumubare wa molekile, buri kimwe gisaba imbaraga zo gushyushya cyangwa gukonja.Niyo mpamvu bisaba iminota mike yo guteka ndetse nigikombe cyangwa bibiri byamazi: hariho molekile nyinshi cyane kugirango ushushe kuruta niba wagerageje guteka ikintu nkigikombe cyicyuma gishongeshejwe cyangwa icyuma kiyobora.Ni nako bigenda no gukonjesha: bisaba imbaraga nigihe cyo gukuraho ubushyuhe mumazi yamazi nkumutobe wimbuto cyangwa ibiryo.Niyo mpamvu gukonjesha cyangwa gukonjesha ibiryo bifata igihe kirekire.Ntabwo ari uko frigo yawe cyangwa firigo idakora neza: ni uko ugomba kongeramo cyangwa kuvanaho ingufu nyinshi kugirango ibintu byamazi bihindure ubushyuhe burenze dogere nkeya.
Reka tugerageze gushyira imibare igoye kuri ibi byose.Ingano yingufu bisaba kugirango ihindure ubushyuhe bwamazi yitwa ubushobozi bwihariye bwubushyuhe, kandi ni joules 4200 kuri kilo kuri dogere selisiyusi.Bivuze ko ukeneye gukoresha joules 4200 zingufu kugirango ushushe cyangwa ukonje ikiro cyamazi kurwego rumwe (cyangwa 8400 joules kubiro bibiri).Niba rero ushaka guhagarika icupa ryamazi ya litiro (ipima 1kg) kuva mubushyuhe bwicyumba cya 20 ° C kugeza kuri firigo imeze nka −20 ° C, uzakenera 4200 × 1kg × 40 ° C, cyangwa 168.000 joules.Niba firigo yawe ikonjesha ishobora gukuramo ubushyuhe ku mbaraga za watt 100 (joules 100 ku isegonda), bizatwara amasegonda 1680 cyangwa hafi igice cyisaha.
Urashobora kubona ko imbaraga nyinshi zikenewe kugirango ukonje ibiryo byamazi.Kandi ibyo na byo, bisobanura impamvu firigo zikoresha amashanyarazi menshi.Nk’uko bitangazwa n’ikigo cy’Amerika gishinzwe amakuru ku bijyanye n’ingufu, frigo ikoresha hafi 7 ku ijana y’amashanyarazi yose yo mu ngo (hafi nka TV hamwe n’ibikoresho bifitanye isano nayo, kandi munsi ya kimwe cya kabiri kingana n’ubushyuhe bwo mu kirere, bukoresha 17%).
Imbonerahamwe: Gukoresha amashanyarazi murugo ukoresheje amaherezo: Firigo ikoresha 7 ku ijana byamashanyarazi yo murugo - ugereranije cyane na konderasi cyangwa sisitemu yo gushyushya.Firigo nkuru zo murugo zikoresha hafi 77 ku ijana byamashanyarazi yose, frigo ya kabiri ikoresha izindi 18 ku ijana, naho ibindi bice bingana nibindi bisigaye.Inkomoko:Ubuyobozi bushinzwe amakuru muri Amerika,
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-02-2022